Murodova Sohiba Gulomjon kizi
Student of Tashkent State University of Law
Bullying and harassment are ubiquitous everywhere, even having various types of names. Hierarchical spaces create many opportunities for harassment and bullying. Sadly, due to limited understanding prevalence and types of bullying.
Bullying and harassment are violations of human rights. These do not include only physical torture. Unfortunately, bullying exists in many forms such as gossip, outright theft of intellectual property, sexual, racial harassment, and the major of them is domestic violence, especially involving women and children. These ramifications are huge; they can influence someone’s career, whole psychology, and well-being. Domestic abuse also has various types:
- Physical abuse: involves the use of physical force such as hitting, slapping, choking, or any form of physical aggression.
- Emotional and verbal abuse: this includes manipulating, criticizing, belittling, or controlling the victim’s emotions, self-esteem, and sense of worth.
- Psychological abuse: tactics like intimidation, isolation, threats, and coercion are used to instill fear and control, including financial abuse.
Identifying domestic abuse victims earlier could help to reduce future emergency medical admissions. A new study showed that many victims of domestic violence often visit accident and emergency departments before the police are involved. This means healthcare professionals play a crucial role in identifying and helping people who are experiencing domestic abuse. The research combined data from hospitals and from the police. New research focused on residents in Uzbekistan, especially in five regions who experienced domestic abuse, and they were given a public protection notification. This is a document that records safeguarding concerns about women, children, and adults.
What the Research Found:
This research focused on five areas in Uzbekistan, which are the Republic of Karakalpakstan, Surkhandarya, Kashkadarya, Samarkand, and Tashkent. In this research, 420 women respondents were included. Within a year of experiencing abuse, 300 of them had negative outcomes such as disability, while there were 11 deaths. 30% of women live in urban areas; the rest of them are in rural areas. 55.2% got married, 33% divorced, and 8.9% were widows. Moreover, most of them suffer from serious and fatal injuries, particularly brain injuries, which are famous as traumatic brain injuries. Traumatic brain injury is caused by jolts and bumps. Fatal strangulation also leads to brain injury as the brain is deprived of oxygen. According to world research, traumatic brain injuries are severe and cause a range of behavioral, emotional, physical, and psychological symptoms, including poor memory, dizziness, headaches, lack of concentration, slowness to process information and make decisions, anxiety, and depression. This illness has long-term impacts on well-being, relationships, and day-to-day living. Recovery can be boosted by providing education about short-term and long-term management of symptoms as well as involving family help and rehabilitation.
The research also showed that certain factors increased the likelihood of negative outcomes. These included having a young marriage, having multiple incidents of abuse, getting injured during the abuse, having a history of violence, and being pregnant. In particular, pregnant victims of domestic abuse faced more risks, which affected their health and their babies. The worst is women who refuse to reveal this violence or have frequent interactions with the police were at higher risks.
How Domestic Violence Makes Women Earn Less:
Women in abusive relationships are more likely to earn less and be unemployed than women who are non-abusive. Research shows they come across financial problems after they begin to live with abusive partners. Men use economic abuse to exploit and control their female partners. This type of harassment includes threats, intimidation, humiliation, isolation, physical violence to restrict their partner’s right to work and access to property. They prevent her from taking a job, forcing her to resign, compelling her to take on her husband’s debt, excluding her from decision-making over household spending and joint property. This abuse sabotages women’s independence and self-confidence, and they are not able to leave the relationship, which limits their access and ability to work.
How to End This:
Society plays a crucial role in this process, changing their behaviors and attitudes towards the perpetrators. It is also important to improve financial literacy and support women in leaving their abusive relationships. We have to find more ways to make women aware of the predictable consequences of financial abuse. These include poverty, home insecurity, unemployment, and debts. Another way is taking civil orders may help to minimize the rate of economic abuse as well as other kinds of abuse.
